SHARIAH VIOLATIONS CONCERNING USURY AND PARTNERSHIP IN HOME-BASED COMMERCE AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE SALE CONTRACT
مفهوم المخالفات الشرعية المتعلقة بالربا والشراكة في التجارة المنزلية وأثرها على عقد البيع
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64757/alqanatir.2026.3507/1237Keywords:
Usury, Partnership, Contract, Sales, JurisprudenceAbstract
This juristic and usuli research addresses the major Shariah violations related to usury (riba) and partnership in home-based trade, aiming to examine their impact on the validity of sales contracts from both normative and legal perspectives. The study employs an inductive, analytical, and usuli methodology, drawing upon Quranic and Prophetic evidences, juristic discussions, and foundational principles such as “al-kharaj bil-daman” (liability with profit), “what is forbidden to consume is forbidden to sell,” and “harm must be removed.” Findings confirm that usurious transactions in home-based commerce are no different in ruling from those in public markets; they are strictly prohibited and render the contract void or invalid. Likewise, partnerships guaranteeing fixed profits are invalid due to excessive uncertainty, injustice, and contradiction with the maqasid of Shariah in achieving justice and preserving wealth. The study concludes with a call to raise legal awareness among home-based traders and to regulate their transactions in accordance with sound fiqh principles to ensure fairness and validity of contracts.
ملخص البحث
يتناول هذا البحث الفقهي والأصولي أبرز المخالفات الشرعية المتعلقة بالربا والشراكة في التجارة المنزلية، ويهدف إلى بيان أثر هذه المخالفات على صحة عقد البيع من حيث الحكم التكليفي والوضعي. اعتمد الباحث على المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي التأصيلي، وذلك من خلال استقراء النصوص الشرعية من القرآن والسنة، وتحليل أقوال الفقهاء، وردّ المسائل إلى القواعد الأصولية الكبرى مثل قاعدة "الخراج بالضمان"، و"ما حرم أكله حرم بيعه"، وقاعدة "الضرر يزال". وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن المعاملات الربوية في التجارة المنزلية لا تختلف في الحكم عن نظائرها في الأسواق العامة، فهي محرمة قطعًا وتؤدي إلى بطلان العقد أو فساده، كما أن الشراكات القائمة على ضمان ربح ثابت تُعد عقودًا فاسدة لما تشتمل عليه من غرر وظلم ومصادمة لمقاصد الشريعة في تحقيق العدل وحفظ المال. وتخلص الدراسة إلى الدعوة لتعزيز الوعي الشرعي لدى ممارسي التجارة المنزلية وضبط معاملاتهم وفق الأصول الفقهية المعتبرة، ضمانًا لسلامة العقود وعدالتها.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmed Hamdan Mohammed Al-Harassi, Ameen Ahmed Al-Nahari , Saadan Man
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