A NEEDS ANALYSIS OF PRE-MARITAL SCREENING FOR NON-HIV SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES (STDS) IN MALAYSIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH AL-MIZAN
ANALISIS KEPERLUAN SARINGAN PRA-PERKAHWINAN BAGI PENYAKIT JANGKITAN KELAMIN SELAIN DARIPADA HIV DI MALAYSIA MENURUT FIQH AL-MIZAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64757/alqanatir.2026.3507/1500Keywords:
Fiqh al-Mizan, public health, maqasid syariah, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), pre-marital screeningAbstract
The implementation of pre-marital HIV screening in Malaysia shows that disease prevention has been integrated as a preventive mechanism in the governance of Muslim marriage. However, the current scope of screening remains focused on HIV alone, although other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia and genital herpes may also affect spouses, children and marital harmony. Hence, this study aims to analyse the need for pre-marital non-HIV STD screening through the framework of Fiqh al-Mizan. This study employed a qualitative approach based on document analysis. The issue is analysed through two mizan axes, namely the individual-society axis and the maslahah-mafsadah axis. From the individual-society axis, screening for STDs other than HIV is as necessary as HIV screening because it safeguards individual rights while protecting spouses and children from preventable infectious diseases. From the maslahah-mafsadah axis, not conducting screening causes greater harm than conducting it. This is consistent with the maqasid syariah particularly hifz al-nafs and hifz al-nasl. Therefore, screening for STDs other than HIV should be made mandatory. The medical aspects of its implementation should be detailed by the Ministry of Health Malaysia, while religious institutions should establish the Islamic legal principles, maqasid framework and ethical guidelines. The study contributes to strengthening the governance of Muslim marriage and public health by proposing a more balanced, ethical and comprehensive screening policy that safeguards both public health interests and individual rights.
Pelaksanaan saringan HIV pra-perkahwinan di Malaysia menunjukkan bahawa pencegahan penyakit telah diintegrasikan sebagai mekanisme pencegahan dalam tadbir urus perkahwinan Muslim. Walau bagaimanapun, skop saringan semasa masih tertumpu kepada HIV sahaja, sedangkan penyakit jangkitan kelamin lain seperti sifilis, gonorea, klamidia dan herpes genital juga boleh menjejaskan pasangan, zuriat dan keharmonian rumah tangga. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keperluan saringan STD selain HIV dalam konteks pra-perkahwinan melalui kerangka Fiqh al-Mizan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berasaskan analisis dokumen. Isu ini dianalisis melalui dua paksi mizan, iaitu paksi individu-masyarakat dan paksi maslahah-mafsadah. Dari sudut paksi individu-masyarakat, saringan STD selain HIV adalah sama penting seperti saringan HIV kerana ia memelihara hak individu di samping melindungi pasangan dan anak-anak daripada penyakit berjangkit yang boleh dicegah. Dari sudut paksi maslahah-mafsadah, tidak melaksanakan saringan membawa mudarat yang lebih besar berbanding melaksanakannya. Hal ini selaras dengan maqasid syariah, khususnya hifz al-nafs dan hifz al-nasl. Oleh itu, saringan STD selain HIV wajar dijadikan mandatori. Aspek perubatan dalam pelaksanaannya hendaklah diperincikan oleh Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, manakala institusi agama perlu menetapkan prinsip perundangan Islam, kerangka maqasid dan garis panduan etika. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada pengukuhan tadbir urus perkahwinan Muslim dan kesihatan awam dengan mencadangkan dasar saringan yang lebih seimbang, beretika dan komprehensif serta memelihara kepentingan kesihatan awam dan hak individu.
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