al-Qanatir: International Journal of Islamic Studies

AN EVALUATION OF BUY NOW PAY LATER (BNPL) BASED ON THE ḤIFẒ AL-MĀL PRINCIPLE OF MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪʿAH IN MALAYSIA

2026-08-14T13:00:20+08:00

The advancement of financial technology (fintech) has led to the emergence of various digital payment instruments, including Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL), which has gained increasing attention among consumers in Malaysia. Although BNPL offers convenience and payment flexibility, its use has also raised concerns regarding increasing debt burdens, excessive spending and Shariah compliance. Accordingly, this study aims to analyse the position and implementation of BNPL based on the principle of ḥifẓ al-māl and to develop a proposed framework for BNPL implementation that is more closely aligned with the objective of wealth preservation within Maqāṣid al-Syarīʿah. This study adopts a qualitative approach through a library research design involving the analysis of primary and secondary sources, including official documents, reports issued by financial institutions, journal articles, academic books, and other relevant scholarly literature. The data were analysed using content analysis to identify and synthesise key issues related to the use of BNPL and its implications for wealth preservation. The findings indicate that BNPL has the potential to align with the principle of ḥifẓ al-māl when implemented through valid and transparent contracts that are free from riba, gharar, and exploitation. However, such alignment depends not only on contractual compliance but also on debt management, contractual transparency, and the effectiveness of consumer protection. Based on these findings, this study develops a BNPL assessment framework based on the principle of ḥifẓ al-māl, comprising four key dimensions: Shariah compliance, debt management, contractual transparency, and consumer protection. The framework provides a conceptual basis for a more comprehensive assessment of BNPL implementation by considering not only Shariah compliance but also its implications for wealth preservation and consumers’ financial well-being in accordance with the objectives of Maqāṣid al-Syarīʿah.

Abstrak

Perkembangan teknologi kewangan (fintech) telah mendorong kemunculan pelbagai instrumen pembayaran digital, termasuk Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) yang semakin mendapat perhatian dalam kalangan pengguna di Malaysia. Walaupun BNPL menawarkan kemudahan dan fleksibiliti pembayaran, penggunaannya turut menimbulkan kebimbangan berkaitan peningkatan beban hutang, perbelanjaan berlebihan serta isu pematuhan syariah. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis kedudukan dan pelaksanaan BNPL berdasarkan prinsip ḥifẓ al-māl serta membentuk kerangka cadangan bagi pelaksanaan BNPL yang lebih selaras dengan objektif pemeliharaan harta dalam Maqāṣid al-Syarīʿah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian kepustakaan dengan menganalisis sumber primer dan sekunder yang terdiri daripada dokumen rasmi, laporan institusi kewangan, artikel jurnal, buku akademik dan penulisan ilmiah berkaitan. Data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan bagi mengenal pasti dan mensintesiskan isu utama berkaitan penggunaan BNPL serta implikasinya terhadap pemeliharaan harta. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa BNPL berpotensi selaras dengan prinsip ḥifẓ al-māl sekiranya dilaksanakan melalui kontrak yang sah, telus serta bebas daripada unsur riba, gharar dan penindasan. Walau bagaimanapun, keselarasan tersebut tidak hanya bergantung kepada pematuhan kontrak, tetapi turut dipengaruhi oleh pengurusan hutang, ketelusan kontrak dan keberkesanan perlindungan pengguna. Berdasarkan dapatan tersebut, kajian ini membentuk kerangka penilaian BNPL berasaskan prinsip ḥifẓ al-māl yang merangkumi empat dimensi utama, iaitu pematuhan syariah, pengurusan hutang, ketelusan kontrak dan perlindungan pengguna. Kerangka ini menyediakan asas konseptual bagi menilai pelaksanaan BNPL secara lebih menyeluruh dengan mengambil kira bukan sahaja pematuhan syariah, tetapi juga implikasinya terhadap pemeliharaan harta dan kesejahteraan kewangan pengguna selaras dengan objektif Maqāṣid al-Syarīʿah.

ISLAMIC LOGIC (MANTIQ) AS A FRAMEWORK FOR CRITICAL THINKING IN THE TEACHING OF ISLAMIC AKIDAH AT SECONDARY SCHOOLS: AN ANALYSIS OF CURRICULUM STANDARDS (DSKP) AND TEXTBOOKS

2026-07-08T14:46:40+08:00

This study analyses critical-thinking demands in the Islamic Aqidah component of Form Four and Form Five Islamic Education and examines the potential of Islamic logic (mantiq) as a framework for structuring the reasoning processes required in its teaching. A qualitative content-analysis design was employed, focusing on the Curriculum and Assessment Standard Document (DSKP) and the Form Four and Form Five Islamic Education textbooks, limited to the Aqidah component. Academic literature on critical thinking, Islamic Education and mantiq was used to support interpretation. The units of analysis included learning standards, performance standards, lesson content, learning activities, cognitive verbs and textual demands for reasoning and argumentation. The findings show that the DSKP and textbooks already provide clear space for critical thinking through demands such as applying, analysing, evaluating, formulating conclusions, relating concepts to life, comparing positions and providing justification. However, these documents primarily specify expected cognitive outcomes and learning activities rather than an explicit reasoning framework that systematically guides students from concept formation to truth evaluation, the use of evidence, argument construction and conclusion. In this context, the functions of tasawwur, tasdiq and istidlal demonstrate a meaningful correspondence with these reasoning demands. The study therefore proposes mantiq not as a replacement for Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), but as a complementary reasoning framework rooted in the Islamic intellectual tradition that has the potential to make critical thinking in Aqidah teaching more systematic, evidence-based and epistemologically coherent. Further empirical research is required to evaluate its effectiveness in classroom practice.

Abstrak

Kajian ini menganalisis tuntutan pemikiran kritis dalam bidang Akidah Pendidikan Islam Tingkatan 4 dan Tingkatan 5 serta menilai potensi ilmu mantiq sebagai kerangka yang dapat menyusun proses penaakulan dalam pengajaran Akidah Islamiah. Kajian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk analisis kandungan terhadap Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) serta buku teks Pendidikan Islam Tingkatan 4 dan Tingkatan 5, dengan analisis yang dihadkan kepada bidang akidah sahaja. Literatur akademik berkaitan pemikiran kritis, Pendidikan Islam dan ilmu mantiq digunakan sebagai sokongan interpretasi. Unit analisis meliputi Standard Pembelajaran, Standard Prestasi, kandungan pelajaran, aktiviti pembelajaran, kata kerja kognitif serta tuntutan penaakulan dan penghujahan yang dapat dikenal pasti secara tekstual. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa DSKP dan buku teks telah menyediakan ruang yang jelas bagi pemikiran kritis melalui tuntutan mengaplikasi, menganalisis, menilai, merumus, menghubung kait, membandingkan dan memberikan justifikasi. Walau bagaimanapun, dokumen tersebut lebih banyak menetapkan hasil kognitif dan bentuk aktiviti yang perlu dicapai berbanding menyediakan kerangka penaakulan yang secara eksplisit membimbing murid daripada pembentukan konsep kepada penilaian kebenaran, penggunaan dalil, pembinaan hujah dan penghasilan kesimpulan. Dalam konteks ini, fungsi tasawwur, tasdiq dan istidlal menunjukkan kesepadanan yang bermakna dengan tuntutan penaakulan tersebut. Oleh itu, kajian ini mencadangkan ilmu mantiq bukan sebagai pengganti Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT), tetapi sebagai kerangka penaakulan pelengkap berasaskan tradisi intelektual Islam yang berpotensi menjadikan penerapan pemikiran kritis dalam pengajaran Akidah lebih tersusun, berasaskan dalil dan selaras dengan epistemologi Islam. Kajian empirikal lanjutan diperlukan untuk menilai keberkesanan kerangka ini dalam amalan bilik darjah.

THE USE OF WORD ’JIHAD’ AND ITS VARIATIONS IN EGYPTIAN AL-AHRAM NEWSPAPER: A CORPUS ANALYSIS ON PALESTINIAN ISSUES

2026-08-17T16:43:25+08:00

The use of a particular word in newspaper articles plays a role in reflecting sentiment towards the news and the newspaper generally. The continuous conflict that took almost two years between Hamas military wing in Palestine, Al-Qassam, and the Israel military has garnered global attention since it started in 2023. The situation in the region has become more critical as western countries, particularly the United Stata and United Kingdom, who are close allies to Israel, openly support and intervene in the violence carried out by Israel. In relation to this event, current study aims to analyse the use of the word 'jihad' in the Palestinian issue in the Arabic Al-Ahram newspaper from Egypt. This study was conducted during the latest war in Palestine, the "Toufan al-Aqsa" war that prolonged since 2023. This study collected a total of 18,761 words taken from 32 articles in Al-Ahram newspaper. A computer software Wordsmith 8.0 was u applied to analyse this corpus by using the Wordlist and Concordance applications to achieve the set objectives. The results of the study show that the word 'jihad' and its variations are the word with the highest frequency compared to other words. This means that the word jihad is widely used in the press to describe the ongoing war situation in Palestine and the struggle of the Palestinian people against the Israeli army is recognised as a jihad.

Abstrak

Penggunaan sesuatu perkataan tertentu dalam artikel akhbar memainkan peranan dalam mencerminkan sentimen terhadap sesuatu berita dan akhbar secara umumnya. Konflik berterusan yang telah berlangsung hampir dua tahun antara sayap ketenteraan Hamas di Palestin, iaitu al-Qassam, dengan tentera Israel telah mendapat perhatian global sejak tercetus pada tahun 2023. Situasi di rantau tersebut menjadi semakin kritikal apabila negara-negara Barat, khususnya Amerika Syarikat dan United Kingdom yang merupakan sekutu rapat Israel, secara terbuka memberikan sokongan serta campur tangan dalam keganasan yang dilakukan oleh Israel. Sehubungan dengan peristiwa tersebut, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan perkataan jihad dalam isu Palestin yang terdapat dalam akhbar Arab Al-Ahram dari Mesir. Kajian ini dijalankan dalam tempoh perang terkini di Palestin, iaitu perang “Taufan al-Aqsa” yang berlarutan sejak tahun 2023. Kajian ini mengumpulkan sejumlah 18,761 perkataan yang diperoleh daripada 32 artikel dalam akhbar Al-Ahram. Perisian komputer WordSmith 8.0 digunakan untuk menganalisis korpus tersebut dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi Wordlist dan Concordance bagi mencapai objektif kajian yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa perkataan jihad berserta variasinya merupakan perkataan yang mempunyai kekerapan tertinggi berbanding dengan perkataan-perkataan lain. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa perkataan jihad digunakan secara meluas dalam media akhbar untuk menggambarkan situasi perang yang sedang berlaku di Palestin. Selain itu, perjuangan rakyat Palestin menentang tentera Israel turut digambarkan dan diiktiraf sebagai suatu bentuk jihad.

IMPACT OF THE HIGHER SHARIAH AUTHORITY (HSA) ON SHARIAH GOVERNANCE IN THE UAE: INSIGHTS FROM SHARIAH PERSONNEL

2026-08-06T10:06:14+08:00

Shariah Governance is imperative for ensuring the Shariah compliance of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) and for achieving stakeholder confidence within the Islamic finance industry. This study explores the impact of the establishment of the Higher Shariah Authority (HSA) in the UAE on Shariah Governance based primarily on the insights of Shariah Personnel. The researchers conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with 15 Shariah Personnel from various Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in the UAE in order to gain their insights. The findings of the study show that the establishment of a Central Shariah Board/Shariah Committee i.e. the HSA has had a positive impact overall on Shariah Governance in the UAE, particularly when it comes to enhancing the independence of both the Shariah Board/Shariah Committee members as well as Shariah Personnel at IFIs operating within the jurisdiction. The study also highlights some of the negative impacts of the establishment of the HSA, while providing some suggestions and recommendations to solve such negative impacts. Finally, this study adds to the limited literature on Shariah Governance particularly on the UAE.

INTEGRATING SMART CONTRACTS INTO ISLAMIC FINANCE: APPLICATIONS, LEGAL CHALLENGES & REGULATORY GOVERNANCE

2026-06-20T21:56:42+08:00

The proliferation of blockchain technology has prompted growing scholarly and institutional interest in the application of smart contracts within Islamic finance. Although smart contracts offer advantages in terms of automation, transparency, and operational efficiency, their compatibility with the principles of fiqh al-muʿāmalāt remains inadequately theorised and practically unresolved. This paper adopts a doctrinal and conceptual approach to examine the opportunities and challenges associated with integrating smart contracts into the Islamic financial ecosystem. The analysis considers potential applications in Islamic banking, sukuk, takaful, and Islamic social finance, including zakat and waqf. The analysis gives particular attention to issues of contractual intention (niyyah), legal capacity, blockchain immutability, oracle dependency, and the exercise of khiyār and iḥsān within automated contractual environments. The study proposes a four-layer integrative model comprising a Shariah Compliance Layer, Smart Contract Execution Layer, Legal and Regulatory Layer, and Human Oversight (Amānah) Layer. Anchored within the Malaysian regulatory context, the model incorporates relevant initiatives introduced by Bank Negara Malaysia and the Securities Commission Malaysia to support responsible experimentation with digital financial products. The findings suggest that while smart contracts may contribute to reducing informational asymmetry and strengthening accountability, fully autonomous systems remain difficult to reconcile with several requirements of Islamic jurisprudence. A Shariah-by-design approach supported by continuous human oversight is therefore proposed as a mechanism for ensuring that smart contract applications remain aligned with the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah.

SHARIAH COMPLIANT MECHANISM FOR GOLD TRADING ON E-COMMERCE PLATFORMS IN MALAYSIA

2026-06-11T14:02:24+08:00

E-commerce platforms have grown significantly in the last few years. In the year 2023, sales in Malaysia are expected to exceed RM1.2 trillion. However, gold transactions on these platforms come with distinct difficulties, particularly when it comes to Shariah compliance. The objectives are to determine arising issues from Shariah perspectives in transaction of gold on e-commerce platforms and to explore potential solutions addressing the issues arising from Shariah perspective in transaction of gold on e- commerce platforms. Employing a qualitative approach based on content analysis, the research identifies three primary challenges: deferred payments, gharar (uncertainty), and the complexities of Taqabudh (possession) in a digital environment. These issues conflict with the principle of bai` al-sarf, which mandates the immediate exchange of ribawi items to avoid riba al-nasiah.The findings demonstrate that Shariah compliance can be achieved through a structured integration of the Wakalah (agency) contract to facilitate on-the-spot exchanges, alongside the implementation of Taqabudh Hukmi (constructive possession) and the "Lock-Price" method. This study concludes that these mechanisms effectively mitigate the risks of riba and gharar in the digital marketplace. Consequently, the study produces a practical Shariah-compliant framework that provides a benchmark for e-commerce operators and regulators to standardize online gold trading in Malaysia.

THE ROLE OF ZAKAT IN SUPPORTING ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE: A SURVEY AMONG IJOK RESIDENTS

2026-06-15T13:32:50+08:00

Zakat stands as the greatest charity in Islam, and it serves as an Islamic financial model that is instrumental in poverty alleviation and economic development within Muslim societies. It acts as a mechanism for wealth transfer so that aid is provided to the economically depressed groups. Zakat, when combined with Islamic microfinance, can serve as an entity that can offer sustainable finances through compliant Shariah services. On the contrary, Islamic microfinance has a number of problems such as low levels of education, lack of infrastructure, poor governance systems, and slow response times to fund allocation. Various microfinance projects funded with zakat suffer from lack of clear objectives which results in poorly controlled and monitored spending. In addition, low public awareness and weak marketing efforts reduce community. This paper examines the issues, challenges and roles of integrating zakat within Islamic microfinance in order to for Muslims in Ijok. The study adopts a quantitative design where data was collected through survey questionnaires focusing on the issues, challenges, and the role zakat can play towards aiding micro-financing initiatives. Most of this research showed very clearly that the finding indicate a predominantly positive perception that zakat plays a critical role in poverty alleviation, economic development, and support for small-scale business development, but challenges such as limited awareness, delays, and lack of governance do overshadow the data. In response to these concerns, the study suggests strengthening community activities, increasing disclosure, and encouraging collaboration between zakat institutions and microfinance companies. Such strategies seek to improve an existing zakat microfinance model to better aid underserved communities through improved financial inclusion and sustainable economic development.

THE QURAN'S TEACHINGS IN THE ETIQUETTE OF DISCOURSE: THE STORY OF THE PROPHET MOSES AS A MODEL

2026-08-06T17:44:59+08:00

It is not difficult to impart knowledge or offer advice, but the difficulty lies in choosing the right method of presentation to ensure results. How many souls have turned away from the word of truth, not because they questioned its validity or doubted its correctness, but because the reason for their aversion was the rigid and harsh style, devoid of gentleness and kindness, Thus; people recoiled and turned away from it. Admonition is only good as long as the one giving it adheres to the etiquette of speech, avoiding offensive words and vulgar expressions, while maintaining complete objectivity and avoiding hypocrisy and flattery. Truth is singular, but it can fall upon the tongue of someone who expresses it poorly, causing people to turn away from it, or upon the tongue of a well-spoken preacher, who then unites hearts around it. Kind words are a fundamental means of conveying divine messages, and prophets and messengers are the most refined in their speech. Moses, peace be upon him, represents a magnificent example of eloquent discourse. Divine guidance for the messengers, from the very beginning, emphasized the necessity of observing proper etiquette in addressing people, engaging them with gentle words, far removed from violence and anger. This was intended to win their hearts, soften their stances, and draw them towards the fold of faith. This research attempts to shed light on the Quran's explanation of the etiquette of discourse employed by God's messengers, peace be upon them, using the beautiful eloquence and exemplary conduct found in the story of Moses as a model. This research adopts a descriptive and inductive approach, reading the story of Moses, peace be upon him, in the Holy Quran, as explained by scholars. The research aims to identify the literary features that serve as a practical model in Moses's discourse with his people at various levels. Ultimately, the research seeks to draw lessons and insights that can provide exemplary models of behavior and conduct to emulate in our lives.

ملخص البحث

ليس من الصعوبة إيراد المعارف ولا بذل النصيحة، ولكن الصعوبة تكمن فى تخيّر أسلوب العرض لضمان النتائج، فكم من نفسٍ أعرضت عن كلمة الحق ولم يكن إعراضها ناشئاً عن طعنٍ في صحتها أو شكٍ في صوابها؛ بل إنّ السبب الذي أدّى إلى نفورها هو الأسلوب الذي غلب عليه الجمود والفظاظة ونأى عن الرفق واللين، فنفرت منه النفوس وأعرضت عنه، فالموعظة تكون حسَنَةً ما دام صاحبها ملتزماً أدب الكلام، متجنباً ما يُؤذي الآذان من الألفاظ النابية والعبارات السيئة، مع الحفاظ التام على الوجه الحق والبعد عن الرياء والمداهنة. والحقيقة واحدة، بَيْدَ أنها تقع على لسان من يسيء التعبير عنها فينفّر الناس منها، أو تقع على لسان واعظ حسن الموعظة فيجمع القلوب حولها. فالكلمة الطيبة تمثل وسيلة أساسية في تبليغ الرسالات السماوية، والأنبياء والرسل هم أكملُ الناس أدباً في الخطاب، وموسى عليه السلام يمثل نموذجاً رائعاً في أدب الخطاب، وقد جاء التربية الربانية للرسل منذ اللحظة الأولى بضرورة مراعاة الأدب في خطاب الناس، ومواجهتهم بالقول الليّن البعيد عن العنف والعصبية، لعلّ ذلك يكون سبيلاً لامتلاك زمام قلوبهم، وتليين مواقفهم، وجذبهم نحو صف الإيمان. يحاول هذا البحث تسليط الضوء على بيان القرآن عن أدب الخطاب عند رسل الله عليهم الصلاة والسلام، متخذا لما ورد في قصة موسى من جمال الأدب وحسن الموقف كنموذج. ويعتمد هذا البحث في تناول مباحثه على المنهج الوصفي والاستقرائي من خلال قراءة قصة موسى عليه السلام في القرآن الكريم على ما بينه أقوال العلماء في ذلك والتصنيف حسب نوع المخاطَب والتحليل البلاغي وتوظيف أقوال المفسرين. ويهدف البحث إلى الوقوف على الملامح الأدبية التي تمثل نموذجا تطبيقيا في خطاب موسى عليه السلام مع قومه على مختلف مستوياتهم. ويتوقع في نهاية البحث استلهام الدروس والعبر للحصول على نماذج عظيمة في السلوك والموقف متمثلة في تنوع الأساليب المناسبة حسب الفئة المخاطَبة التي ينبغي أن يُقتدَى بها في حياتنا

REPUTATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIAN ISLAMIC PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS: TOWARDS A MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪʿAH-BASED TRACKING MODEL

2026-06-20T22:54:14+08:00

Malaysian Islamic public institutions, specifically the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) and State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs), play a pivotal role in managing religious affairs and public resources such as zakat and waqf. The effectiveness of these institutions depends on public trust and the capacity to maintain administrative integrity. This article examines the necessity of implementing formal reputational risk management within Islamic public institutions. Drawing on Islamic governance theory and enterprise risk management (ERM) literature, the paper advances three primary arguments. First, reputation serves as the foundation of institutional legitimacy because the relationship with the Muslim community is built upon amānah (trustworthiness) and moral responsibility. Second, the absence of systematic reputational risk management reveals a structural governance gap; this is evidenced by financial audit delays and controversies surrounding halal certification. Third, the development of a proactive reputation tracking instrument grounded in Islamic values is a strategic imperative to support effective decision-making. Consequently, this article proposes the development of an Islamic Reputation Tracking Model as an approach to continuously monitor public trust levels; this enables the strengthening of governance within Islamic public institutions in an increasingly challenging environment.

Abstrak

Institusi awam Islam di Malaysia, khususnya Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) dan Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN), memainkan peranan utama dalam mengurus hal ehwal agama serta sumber awam termasuk zakat dan waqf. Keberkesanan institusi ini bergantung kepada tahap kepercayaan masyarakat dan keupayaan mengekalkan integriti pentadbiran. Artikel ini mengkaji keperluan pengurusan risiko reputasi secara formal dalam institusi awam Islam. Berasaskan kajian lepas berkaitan tadbir urus Islam dan pengurusan risiko perusahaan - Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), artikel ini mengemukakan tiga dapatan konseptual utama. Pertama, reputasi berfungsi sebagai asas kepada legitimasi institusi kerana hubungan dengan masyarakat Islam berteraskan amanah dan tanggungjawab, bukan sekadar hubungan formal. Kedua, ketiadaan pengurusan risiko reputasi yang sistematik memperlihatkan kewujudan jurang tadbir urus yang ketara, seperti yang dicerminkan dalam isu kelewatan pelaporan audit dan kontroversi pensijilan halal. Ketiga, pembangunan instrumen penjejakan reputasi yang proaktif dan berteraskan nilai Islam merupakan satu keperluan strategik bagi memperkukuh pembuatan keputusan serta meningkatkan keupayaan tadbir urus institusi. Sehubungan itu, artikel ini mencadangkan pembangunan model penjejakan reputasi Islam sebagai mekanisme untuk memantau tahap kepercayaan masyarakat secara berterusan, sekali gus memperkukuh tadbir urus institusi awam Islam dalam persekitaran yang berasaskan maklumat.

RECONSTRUCTING BUILT ENVIRONMENT ETHICS EDUCATION THROUGH KITAB AL-JIDAR: AN ISLAMIC GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE

2026-08-13T10:57:42+08:00

Built environment education increasingly demands graduates who possess not only technical competence but also ethical judgement, governance awareness, and sustainability-oriented decision-making. Nevertheless, contemporary ethics education remains predominantly informed by professional standards and modern sustainability frameworks, with limited integration of classical Islamic jurisprudence as a source of ethical knowledge. This study addresses this limitation by examining the ethical governance principles embedded in Kitab al-Jidar and their potential contribution to contemporary built environment ethics education. Employing qualitative document analysis, the study systematically analysed the manuscript using thematic analysis, supported by recent literature on Islamic governance, built environment ethics, and sustainability education. Five interrelated ethical governance principles emerged from the analysis: neighbour rights, privacy and human dignity, public interest and shared responsibility, environmental stewardship, and prevention of harm (la darar wa la dirar). The findings demonstrate that these principles provide an integrated ethical foundation for justice, accountability, social responsibility, and sustainability in the built environment. Based on these findings, the study proposes an Islamic Built Environment Ethics Education Framework that translates classical Islamic legal principles into contemporary educational competencies. By bridging classical Islamic jurisprudence with contemporary built environment education, the framework provides a value-based approach to strengthening ethical reasoning, professional responsibility, governance awareness, and sustainability-oriented decision-making among future built environment professionals.