Maqasid Thought As A Basis For The Relationship Between Man And Nature
Pemikiran Maqasid Sebagai Dasar Hubungan Antara Manusia Dan Alam
Keywords:
Maqasid, al-Shari‘ah, Thought, Nature, FiqhAbstract
The relationship between men and nature is a universal and perennial issue because it will continue to be an integral part of human life as long as they exist in this world. Therefore, it is imperative to study how the relationship between the two should go. There are various perspectives that can be utilized as the basis in researching the relationship between men and nature and one of them is the Islamic worldview. One of the Islamic worldview-based approaches is the Maqasid al-Shari‘ah Thought or al-Fikr al-Maqasidi. This paper intends to study Maqasid al-Shari‘ah thought as a fundamental basis for the relationship between men and nature. Its objectives are demonstrating main principles of Maqasid thought and applying it to several fiqh issues. This is a qualitative study that only emphasizes on library studies by referring to the classical and contemporary works concerning Maqasid al-Shari'ah and nature as well, in addition to several internet sources. Descriptive analysis is used to describe the information gathered. Accordingly, this study presents three main principles namely tawhid, khilafah-'umran and islah, the position of the issue of nature in Islamic thought, and the contributions of Maqasid thought in providing the answers to numerous contemporary questions raised with regards to the issue of Islam and nature. As a conclusion, Maqasid thought is fundamental in guiding the relationship between men and nature and instrumental in the study of fiqh of nature.
Abstrak
Hubungan antara manusia dan alam merupakan salah satu isu yang bersifat universal dan perenial kerana selagi manusia hidup di muka bumi ini, maka selagi itulah isu ini menjadi sebahagian daripada mereka. Oleh itu, mengkaji tentang bagaimana sepatutnya hubungan itu berlangsung merupakan suatu yang menjadi kemestian. Terdapat pelbagai sudut boleh dilihat sebagai asas dan dasar dalam mengkaji hubungan antara manusia dan alam, antaranya ialah pandangan alam Islam. Salah satu pendekatan berdasarkan pandangan alam Islam yang terdapat dalam dunia kajian Islam ialah pemikiran Maqasid Syariah atau al-Fikr al-Maqasidi. Bertitik tolak daripada hal ini, tulisan ini berhasrat untuk mengkaji pemikiran Maqasid Syariah sebagai dasar dan asas dalam hubungan antara manusia dan alam. Objektifnya ialah menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip utama pemikiran Maqasid dan mengaplikasikannya terhadap beberapa isu fiqh. Kajian ini menggunakan metod kualitatif dengan hanya memfokuskan kepada kajian kepustakaan dengan merujuk kepada karangan dan penulisan klasik dan kontemporari tentang Maqasid Syariah dan alam sekitar, serta beberapa sumber internet. Maklumat yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkannya, kajian ini mengemukakan tiga prinsip utama iaitu tauhid, khilafah-'umran dan islah, kedudukan isu alam dalam pemikiran Islam, serta sumbangan pemikiran Maqasid dalam memberi jawapan terhadap beberapa persoalan kontemporari yang timbul perihal isu Islam dan alam. Sebagai kesimpulan, pemikiran Maqasid amat signifikan dalam menggariskan hubungan antara manusia dan alam serta berperanan dalam kajian fiqh berkaitan alam sekitar.
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